Índice de Salubridade Ambiental (ISA) aplicado ao município Belém do estado do Pará

Abstract

The article presents the adaptation of the Environmental Health Indicator (EHI) in the municipality of Belem – Pará - Brazil. For this, data from the National Sanitation Information System, National Household Sample Survey and the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System for five years (2012-2016) were used. Basic sanitation components were worked: water supply, sewage and solid wastes; the vector control component counted the incidence of cases of dengue, leptospirosis and schistosomiasis; and the socioeconomic component, aspects of education, income and public health. Two adaptations were made, and the results were compared, in the first one due to the lack of data, some components and variables of the original EHI were excluded and the component weights were modified according to their importance; in the second adaptation some scoring bands were modified to establish average ranks of the situation for the purpose of obtaining a more detailed evaluation. The research determined in the first result that the health situation of the municipality evolved from "Unhealthy" to "Low Health", with an average of 27.23/100 points, the most critical areas being sanitary sewage and solid waste, revealing that public management does not provide these services adequately. With the modification of scoring bands, the result of the second adaptation increased to 38.6 /100 points, which is also considered as "Low Health". In this way, the ISA Belem application proved to be a viable and easy to apply method that can be used in urban planning.