Microagressões raciais, poder e privilégio nas bibliotecas
uma análise dos discursos no The Microaggressions Project e Microaggressions in Librarianship
Palavras-chave:
Microagressão racial, Biblioteca, Biblioteconomia, Bibliotecários, Epistemologia
Resumo
Este artigo parte da seguinte questão: De que forma as microagressões raciais se manifestam nas bibliotecas? O objetivo geral é compreender como as microagressões raciais se manifestam nas bibliotecas, a partir dos depoimentos analisados no The Microaggressions Project (TMP) e o Microaggressions in Librarianship (ML). Este objetivo se desdobra em objetivos específicos, os quais buscam: a) conceituar as microagressões, características e suas esferas e; b) analisar, a partir dos depoimentos coletados no TMP e ML, como as microagressões raciais se concretizam nas bibliotecas e nos discursos de pessoas bibliotecárias. No plano metodológico, trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa de cunho documental, bibliográfica, exploratória e descritiva dividida em três etapas: revisão de literatura, extração de amostra de publicações que se referiam a microagressões raciais e análise das publicações nos perfis no trumblr do TMP e ML.
Referências
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ALMEIDA, Sílvio Luiz de. Racismo estrutural. São Paulo. Pólen, 2019. 264 p.
ARROYO-RAMIREZ, Elvia; CHOU, Rose L.; FREEDMAN, Jenna; FUJITA, Simone; OROZCO, Cynthia Mari. The Reach of a Long-Arm Stapler: Calling in Microaggressions in the LIS Field through Zine Work. Library Trends, [s.l.], v. 67, n. 1, p. 107-130, Summer 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8CG172F
ANGYAL, Chloe. Awesome blog alert: microaggressions. Feministing, [s.l.], 2011. Disponível em: http://feministing.com/2011/01/21/awesome-blog-alert-microaggressions/ Acesso em: 10 ago. 2022.
BONILLA-SILVA, Eduardo. Racismo sem racistas: o racismo da cegueira da cor e a persistência da desigualdade na América. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2020.
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; THOMPSON, Shola; BRADY, Nisha; APPEL, Risa; CASSELLS, Andrea; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; SWEENEY, Mônica. The relationship of racism to appraisals and coping in a community sample. Ethnicity & Disease, [s.l.], v. 15, n. 4, supl. 5, p. s-14-9, 2005. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16315377/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; BRADY, Nisha; THOMPSON, Shola; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; CASSELLS, Andrea; SWEENEY, Mônica; MCFARLANE, Delano; CONTRADA, Richard J. Perceived racism and negative affect: Analyses of trait and state measures of affect in a community sample. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, [s.l.], v. 27, p. 150-173, 2008. DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.2.150
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; MONGE, Angela; AGOSTA, John; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; CASSELLS, Andrea; STANTON, Cassandra; SCHWARTZ, Joseph. Perceived ethnic discrimination and cigarette smoking: examining the moderating effects of race/ethnicity and gender in a sample of Black and Latino urban adults. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, [s.l.], v. 38, n. 4, p. 689-700, 2015. DOI: 10.1007/s10865-015-9645-2.
BROUDY, Risa; BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; COAKLEY, Vonetta; BRADY, Nisha; CASSELLS, Andrea; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; SWEENEY, Monica. Perceived ethnic discrimination in relation to daily moods and negative social interactions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, [s.l.], v. 30, n. 1, p. 31-43, 2007. DOI: 10.1007/s10865-006-9081-4
CAMPOS, Luiz Augusto. Racismo em três dimensões: uma abordagem realista-crítica. RBCS, [s.l.], v. 32, n. 95, p. 1-19, 2017.
CONOVER, Kristin J.; ISRAEL, Tania. Microaggressions and social support among sexual minorities with physical disabilities. Rehabilitation Psychology, [s.l.], v. 64, n. 2, p. 167-178, 2019. DOI: 10.1037/rep0000250.
DI ANGELO, Robin. Fragilidade branca. Revista Eco-Pós, Rio de Janeiro, v. 21, v. 3, p. 35–57, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29146/eco-pos.v21i3.22528
EDDO-LODGE, Reni. Por que não converso mais com pessoas brancas sobre raça. Belo Horizonte: Letramento, 2019.
FRICKER, Miranda. Epistemic injustice: power & the ethics of knowing. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2007.
HANSSON, Emily K, TUCK, Andrew; LURIE, Steve; MCKENZIE, Kwame. Rates of mental illness and suicidality in immigrant, refugee, ethnocultural, and racialized groups in Canada: a review of the literature. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, [s.l.], v. 57, n. 2, p. 111-121, 2012. DOI: 10.1177/070674371205700208
HARRISON, Colin; TANNER, Kimberly D. Language Matters: considering microagressions in science. CBE: Life Sciences Education, [s.l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. fe4, 2018. DOI: 10.1187/cbe.18-01-0011
HUYNH, Virginia W. Ethnic Microaggressions and the Depressive and Somatic Symptoms of Latino and Asian American Adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, [s.l.], v. 41, p. 831-846, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9756-9
ISAAC, Benjamin. Proto-racism in Graeco-Roman antiquity. World Archaeology, [s.l.], v. 38, n. 1, p. 32-47, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00438240500509819
KELLER, Richard. M.; GALGAY, Corinne E. Microaggressive experiences of people with disabilities. In: SUE, Derald Wing. (ed.). Microaggressions and marginality: manifestation, dynamics, and impact. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010a. p. 241-267.
LEE, Eun-Jeong; DITCHMAN, Nicole; THOMAS, Julia; TSEN, Jonathan. Microaggressions experienced by people with multiple sclerosis in the workplace: An exploratory study using Sue's taxonomy. Rehabilitation Psychology, [s.l.], v. 64, n. 2, p. 179-193, 2019. DOI: 10.1037/rep0000269
LU, Vivian; ZHOU, David. Interview. In: MCCARTHY, Allison. The Microaggressions Project: an interview with Vivian Lu and David Zhou. Ms. Magazine, Maryland, 05 dez. 2011. Disponível em: https://msmagazine.com/2011/05/12/the-microaggressions-project-an-interview-with-vivian-lu-and-david-zhou/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MBEMBE, Achille. Necropolítica. Artes & Ensaios, [s.l.], n. 32, p. 123-151, 2016.
MCCARTHY, Allison. The Microaggressions Project: An Interview with Vivian Lu and David Zhou. Ms.Magazine, Maryland, 05 dez. 2011. Disponível em: https://msmagazine.com/2011/05/12/the-microaggressions-project-an-interview-with-vivian-lu-and-david-zhou/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MICROAGGRESSIONS IN LIBRARIANSHIP. Call for Microaggressions Post-its! (For Zine-Making). [S.l.], 2014. Disponível em: https://lismicroaggressions.com/archive Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
NADAL, Kevin L.; WHITMAN, Lindsey S. Davis; ERAZO, Tanya; DAVIDOFF, Kristin C. Microaggressions Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Genderqueer People: a review of the Literature. The Journal of Sex Research, [s.l.], v. 53, n. 4-5, p. 488–508, 2016. DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1142495
NADAL, Kevin L.; GRIFFIN, Katie E.; WONG, Yinglee; HAMIT, Sahran; Rasmus, Morgan. The impact of racial microaggressions on mental health: Counseling implications for clients of color. Journal of Counseling & Development, [s.l.], v. 92, p. 57–66, 2014a. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00130.x
NADAL, Kevin L.; WONG, Yinglee; GRIFFIN, Katie E.; DAVIDOFF, Kristin; SRIKEN, Julie. The adverse impact of racial microaggressions on college students’ self-esteem. Journal of College Student Development, [s.l.], v. 55, p. 461–474, 2014b. DOI: 10.1353/csd.2014.0051.
PATIN, Beth; SEBASTIAN, Melinda; YEON, Jieun; Bertolini, Danielle; GRIMM, Alexandra. Interrupting epistemicide: a practical framework for naming, identifying, and ending epistemic injustice in the information professions. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, [s.l.], v. 72, n. 10, p. 1306-1318, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24479
PIERCE, Chester M. Offensive mechanisms. In: Barbour, Floyd B. (ed.). The Black seventies: an extending horizon book. Boston: Porter Sargent Publisher; 1970. p. 265-282.
PIERCE, Chester M. Stress Analogs of Racism and Sexism: terrorism, torture, and disaster. In: WILLIE, C.; RIEKER, P.; KRAMER, B.; BROWN, B. (ed.). Mental Health, Racism, and Sexism. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburg Press, 1995. p. 277-293.
PIERCE, Chester M., CAREW, J.; PIERCE-GONZALEZ, D.; WILLIS, D. An experiment in racism: TV commercials. In: PIERCE, Chester M. (ed.). Television and education. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1978. p. 62-88.
PRESCOTT, Virginia. "Microaggressions" Exposed. New Hampshire Public Radio, New Hampshire, January 26, 2012. Disponível em: https://www.nhpr.org/post/microaggressions-exposed Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
THE MICROAGGRESSIONS PROJECT. About this Project. [S.l.], 2022. Disponível em: https://www.microaggressions.com/search/library Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
ROBINSON, Cedric J. Racial capitalism: the nonobjective character of capitalism development. In: ROBINSON, Cedric J. Black Marxism: the Making of the Black Radical Tradition. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
SCHUCMAN, Lia Vainer. Entre o encardido o branco e o branquíssimo: branquitude hierarquia e poder na Cidade de São Paulo. São Paulo: Annablume, 2014. 191 p.
SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da.; GARCEZ, Dirnéle Carneiro; SILVA, Rubens Alves da. Conhecimento das margens: da injustiça epistêmica à valorização do conhecimento negro em Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Revista ACB: Biblioteconomia em Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, v. 27, p. 1-19, 2022.
SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da; Colonialidade do saber e dependência epistêmica na Biblioteconomia: reflexões necessárias. In: CARDONA, Natalia Duque; SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da. (Org.). Epistemologias Latino-Americanas na Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação: contribuições da Colômbia e do Brasil. Florianópolis: Rocha, 2020. p. 119-202.
SMEDLEY, Audrey; SMEDLEY, Brian D. Race as biology is fiction, racism as a social problem is real. American Psychologist, [s.l.], v. 60, p. 16–26, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.1.16
SOLORZANO, Daniel; CEJA, Miguel; YOSSO, Tara. Critical race theory, racial microaggressions, and campus racial climate: The experiences of African American college students. Journal of Negro Education, [s.l.], v. 69, n. 1/2, p. 60-73, 2000. Disponível em: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2696265 Acesso em: 10 ago. 2022.
SPOON VISION. ‘Take Your Hood Off’ and Other Teacher Microaggressions. Oklahoma, Dec. 9, 2017. Disponível em: https://spoonvision.wordpress.com/2017/12/09/take-your-hood-off-and-other-teacher-microaggressions/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
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ALMEIDA, Sílvio Luiz de. Racismo estrutural. São Paulo. Pólen, 2019. 264 p.
ARROYO-RAMIREZ, Elvia; CHOU, Rose L.; FREEDMAN, Jenna; FUJITA, Simone; OROZCO, Cynthia Mari. The Reach of a Long-Arm Stapler: Calling in Microaggressions in the LIS Field through Zine Work. Library Trends, [s.l.], v. 67, n. 1, p. 107-130, Summer 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8CG172F
ANGYAL, Chloe. Awesome blog alert: microaggressions. Feministing, [s.l.], 2011. Disponível em: http://feministing.com/2011/01/21/awesome-blog-alert-microaggressions/ Acesso em: 10 ago. 2022.
BONILLA-SILVA, Eduardo. Racismo sem racistas: o racismo da cegueira da cor e a persistência da desigualdade na América. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2020.
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; THOMPSON, Shola; BRADY, Nisha; APPEL, Risa; CASSELLS, Andrea; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; SWEENEY, Mônica. The relationship of racism to appraisals and coping in a community sample. Ethnicity & Disease, [s.l.], v. 15, n. 4, supl. 5, p. s-14-9, 2005. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16315377/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; BRADY, Nisha; THOMPSON, Shola; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; CASSELLS, Andrea; SWEENEY, Mônica; MCFARLANE, Delano; CONTRADA, Richard J. Perceived racism and negative affect: Analyses of trait and state measures of affect in a community sample. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, [s.l.], v. 27, p. 150-173, 2008. DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.2.150
BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; MONGE, Angela; AGOSTA, John; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; CASSELLS, Andrea; STANTON, Cassandra; SCHWARTZ, Joseph. Perceived ethnic discrimination and cigarette smoking: examining the moderating effects of race/ethnicity and gender in a sample of Black and Latino urban adults. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, [s.l.], v. 38, n. 4, p. 689-700, 2015. DOI: 10.1007/s10865-015-9645-2.
BROUDY, Risa; BRONDOLO, Elizabeth; COAKLEY, Vonetta; BRADY, Nisha; CASSELLS, Andrea; TOBIN, Jonathan N.; SWEENEY, Monica. Perceived ethnic discrimination in relation to daily moods and negative social interactions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, [s.l.], v. 30, n. 1, p. 31-43, 2007. DOI: 10.1007/s10865-006-9081-4
CAMPOS, Luiz Augusto. Racismo em três dimensões: uma abordagem realista-crítica. RBCS, [s.l.], v. 32, n. 95, p. 1-19, 2017.
CONOVER, Kristin J.; ISRAEL, Tania. Microaggressions and social support among sexual minorities with physical disabilities. Rehabilitation Psychology, [s.l.], v. 64, n. 2, p. 167-178, 2019. DOI: 10.1037/rep0000250.
DI ANGELO, Robin. Fragilidade branca. Revista Eco-Pós, Rio de Janeiro, v. 21, v. 3, p. 35–57, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29146/eco-pos.v21i3.22528
EDDO-LODGE, Reni. Por que não converso mais com pessoas brancas sobre raça. Belo Horizonte: Letramento, 2019.
FRICKER, Miranda. Epistemic injustice: power & the ethics of knowing. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2007.
HANSSON, Emily K, TUCK, Andrew; LURIE, Steve; MCKENZIE, Kwame. Rates of mental illness and suicidality in immigrant, refugee, ethnocultural, and racialized groups in Canada: a review of the literature. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, [s.l.], v. 57, n. 2, p. 111-121, 2012. DOI: 10.1177/070674371205700208
HARRISON, Colin; TANNER, Kimberly D. Language Matters: considering microagressions in science. CBE: Life Sciences Education, [s.l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. fe4, 2018. DOI: 10.1187/cbe.18-01-0011
HUYNH, Virginia W. Ethnic Microaggressions and the Depressive and Somatic Symptoms of Latino and Asian American Adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, [s.l.], v. 41, p. 831-846, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9756-9
ISAAC, Benjamin. Proto-racism in Graeco-Roman antiquity. World Archaeology, [s.l.], v. 38, n. 1, p. 32-47, 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00438240500509819
KELLER, Richard. M.; GALGAY, Corinne E. Microaggressive experiences of people with disabilities. In: SUE, Derald Wing. (ed.). Microaggressions and marginality: manifestation, dynamics, and impact. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010a. p. 241-267.
LEE, Eun-Jeong; DITCHMAN, Nicole; THOMAS, Julia; TSEN, Jonathan. Microaggressions experienced by people with multiple sclerosis in the workplace: An exploratory study using Sue's taxonomy. Rehabilitation Psychology, [s.l.], v. 64, n. 2, p. 179-193, 2019. DOI: 10.1037/rep0000269
LU, Vivian; ZHOU, David. Interview. In: MCCARTHY, Allison. The Microaggressions Project: an interview with Vivian Lu and David Zhou. Ms. Magazine, Maryland, 05 dez. 2011. Disponível em: https://msmagazine.com/2011/05/12/the-microaggressions-project-an-interview-with-vivian-lu-and-david-zhou/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MBEMBE, Achille. Necropolítica. Artes & Ensaios, [s.l.], n. 32, p. 123-151, 2016.
MCCARTHY, Allison. The Microaggressions Project: An Interview with Vivian Lu and David Zhou. Ms.Magazine, Maryland, 05 dez. 2011. Disponível em: https://msmagazine.com/2011/05/12/the-microaggressions-project-an-interview-with-vivian-lu-and-david-zhou/ Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
MICROAGGRESSIONS IN LIBRARIANSHIP. Call for Microaggressions Post-its! (For Zine-Making). [S.l.], 2014. Disponível em: https://lismicroaggressions.com/archive Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
NADAL, Kevin L.; WHITMAN, Lindsey S. Davis; ERAZO, Tanya; DAVIDOFF, Kristin C. Microaggressions Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Genderqueer People: a review of the Literature. The Journal of Sex Research, [s.l.], v. 53, n. 4-5, p. 488–508, 2016. DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1142495
NADAL, Kevin L.; GRIFFIN, Katie E.; WONG, Yinglee; HAMIT, Sahran; Rasmus, Morgan. The impact of racial microaggressions on mental health: Counseling implications for clients of color. Journal of Counseling & Development, [s.l.], v. 92, p. 57–66, 2014a. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00130.x
NADAL, Kevin L.; WONG, Yinglee; GRIFFIN, Katie E.; DAVIDOFF, Kristin; SRIKEN, Julie. The adverse impact of racial microaggressions on college students’ self-esteem. Journal of College Student Development, [s.l.], v. 55, p. 461–474, 2014b. DOI: 10.1353/csd.2014.0051.
PATIN, Beth; SEBASTIAN, Melinda; YEON, Jieun; Bertolini, Danielle; GRIMM, Alexandra. Interrupting epistemicide: a practical framework for naming, identifying, and ending epistemic injustice in the information professions. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, [s.l.], v. 72, n. 10, p. 1306-1318, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24479
PIERCE, Chester M. Offensive mechanisms. In: Barbour, Floyd B. (ed.). The Black seventies: an extending horizon book. Boston: Porter Sargent Publisher; 1970. p. 265-282.
PIERCE, Chester M. Stress Analogs of Racism and Sexism: terrorism, torture, and disaster. In: WILLIE, C.; RIEKER, P.; KRAMER, B.; BROWN, B. (ed.). Mental Health, Racism, and Sexism. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburg Press, 1995. p. 277-293.
PIERCE, Chester M., CAREW, J.; PIERCE-GONZALEZ, D.; WILLIS, D. An experiment in racism: TV commercials. In: PIERCE, Chester M. (ed.). Television and education. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1978. p. 62-88.
PRESCOTT, Virginia. "Microaggressions" Exposed. New Hampshire Public Radio, New Hampshire, January 26, 2012. Disponível em: https://www.nhpr.org/post/microaggressions-exposed Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
THE MICROAGGRESSIONS PROJECT. About this Project. [S.l.], 2022. Disponível em: https://www.microaggressions.com/search/library Acesso em: 20 ago. 2022.
ROBINSON, Cedric J. Racial capitalism: the nonobjective character of capitalism development. In: ROBINSON, Cedric J. Black Marxism: the Making of the Black Radical Tradition. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
SCHUCMAN, Lia Vainer. Entre o encardido o branco e o branquíssimo: branquitude hierarquia e poder na Cidade de São Paulo. São Paulo: Annablume, 2014. 191 p.
SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da.; GARCEZ, Dirnéle Carneiro; SILVA, Rubens Alves da. Conhecimento das margens: da injustiça epistêmica à valorização do conhecimento negro em Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Revista ACB: Biblioteconomia em Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, v. 27, p. 1-19, 2022.
SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da; Colonialidade do saber e dependência epistêmica na Biblioteconomia: reflexões necessárias. In: CARDONA, Natalia Duque; SILVA, Franciéle Carneiro Garcês da. (Org.). Epistemologias Latino-Americanas na Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação: contribuições da Colômbia e do Brasil. Florianópolis: Rocha, 2020. p. 119-202.
SMEDLEY, Audrey; SMEDLEY, Brian D. Race as biology is fiction, racism as a social problem is real. American Psychologist, [s.l.], v. 60, p. 16–26, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.1.16
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Publicado
2024-01-09
Como Citar
GARCÊS-DA-SILVA, F. C.; GARCEZ, D. C.; VIEIRA, G. DE M.; FEVRIER, P. R.; ROMEIRO, N. L.; ALVES, A. P. M. Microagressões raciais, poder e privilégio nas bibliotecas: uma análise dos discursos no The Microaggressions Project e Microaggressions in Librarianship . Folha de Rosto, v. 9, n. 2, p. 27-54, 9 jan. 2024.
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Dossiê: Estudos críticos em Mediação, Organização e Representação da Informação
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